Managing stateless refugees Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Overseeing stateless displaced people - Assignment Example In Ireland, the quantity of individuals who might be viewed as stateless is obscure. The truth of statelessness along these lines imparts the need to give sturdy or increasingly feasible arrangements. Once more, the way that the status of the stateless achieves the impediment of the rights and opportunities of the casualties draws the requirement for this thought. The irregular appropriation of the stateless and the withdrawal of human rights and opportunity from this gathering of individuals influence the remainder of the world. One of the reasons for statelessness is the inability to guarantee the enlistment of youngsters during childbirth. The earnestness and of the issue is underscored by the way that roughly 51 million births don't get enlisted each year. This factual arrangement was benefited by the United Nations Children’s Fund, UNICEF. Once more, there are laws and guidelines that influence the enlistment of birth, marriage and the agreement of citizenship. For example, in creating economies, one isn't consequently viewed as a resident by birth. Rather, it is significant that the individual conceived in the nation ought to have remained in the nation and been enlisted as a resident, with the goal for him to be allowed this status. There are examples where nationality is carefully introduced upon drop. For this situation, the drop of father is what is thought of, rather than that of the mother. This is exceptionally constraining since there are cases in which single-child rearing may confine the candidate of nationality. This is particularly the situation if the realized single-parent is female. Political changes may likewise constrain individuals out of their nation. Instances of segregation and human dealing are additionally significant since they might be instrumental in rendering one stateless. These two components (separation and human dealing) are plainly exemplified by the Kurds who have been deliberately persecuted and denied citizenship by

Nike and its Approach to Corporate Responsibility Essay

Nike and its Approach to Corporate Responsibility - Essay Example By the by, enormous and worldwide endeavors face significant doubt by the expansive open maybe because of that the desires for society with respect to business has hugely changed as of late. The matter of business shouldn’t be simply ‘business’, however it needs to stretch out its commitment to social equity, network government assistance, financial turn of events and nature of public activity too. This bit of paper talks about the corporate social obligation of Nike and gives a top to bottom investigation of Nike’s social duty activities as of late by utilizing key examination instruments. 1.1-Nike’s Corporate Social Responsibility Nike Inc, world’s number-one shoe and clothing organization, plans and creates athletic footwear, attire, types of gear and accomplices to advertise them around the world. It offers its sports items to its clients through its own retails stores and web separated from autonomous wholesalers and retailers (Reuters.co m, 2013). Nike Inc. headquartered in Beaverton, USA, has been positioned #126 by Fortune 500 Companies (Hoovers.com, 2013). In the midst of certain issues identified with representatives poor working conditions in Nike’s producing focuses including Indonesia and that media just as NGOs have as of late given more prominent significance about Nike’s issues of duty towards its partners, the organization took a positive vital route to its corporate social obligation. It investigated new manageable plan of action to set up the organization an alternate working condition. As of late, Nike has changed the manner in which it worked and it created center for its social duty around improving employees’ working conditions in its contracted production lines focusing on carbon lack of bias so as to keep up supportable business by making sports accessible to adolescents over the world (mallenbaker.net, 2013). 1.2-Corporate Social Responsibility The essentialness of CSR has be en consistently expanding in the business settings throughout the previous hardly any years and this can be clear from the way that in excess of 90 percent of the Fortune-500 organizations do have unequivocal social obligation activities (Bueble, 2009, p. 1). As this term is observed from Corporate, Social and Responsibility, it is certain that it alludes to the duties that are natural in the connection among corporate and the general public (Werther and Chandler, 2006, p. 6). Kotler and Lee (2005, p. 3) clarify the idea of CSR that it is a dedication of a venture to improve network prosperity through optional administration exercises. The social duty of an undertaking includes society’s financial, legitimate, moral and other optional desires from that venture (Sims, 2003, p. 43). The fundamental four components of CSR are affordable, lawful, moral and optional duties a business is required to satisfy (Pearson and Robinson, 2004, p. 50). Henceforth, it is normal that a busine ss need to secure human rights (Banerjee, 2009, p. 94), continue indigenous habitat (Banerjee, 2009,

Chicken Noodle Soup - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Chicken Noodle Soup - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Chicken Noodle Soup In my family, I am known for cooking one thing well; my homemade chicken noodle soup. I take great pride in making this, and it becomes a half day process of cooking the chicken just right, making sure I have fresh celery, onions and carrots, and the right type of noodles. The carrots and celery need to be cut to just the right size, and the chicken needs to be shredded, not chopped (yes, I know, I am a little type-A at times), and the noodles have to be just the right type. After all of the lengthy preparations, it then takes a while to cook, with an occasional stir, adding the cream sauce, tasting to see if it needs salt (it always does!), etc. Finally, after what seems like a lifetime, or three to four hours in reality, it is time to eat. This is kind of how admissions works. There is a lot of preparation time, and I mean a lot of it. We received almost 18,000 applications again this year, scanned over 150,000 pages of materials, imported over 12,000 online school evaluations and teacher recommendations, etc. We then have to match all these things up with the files, review the academic materials, move forward with the holistic reading process, all the while still talking, emailing and running information sessions with applicants and prospective students. And I have left off about half of the other things we do such as admission travel, scholarships and special programs. Right now, we are at the cooking stage. We have matched up the last of the documents, are almost done with the academic reviews, and jumped in feet first into the holistic read process this week. If you are missing something in your file, contact the teacher/counselor/testing agency first to make sure it was sent, then contact us. The only exceptions are a few last paper applications and about eight GA411 applicants who left off their SSN that we are still working on. But overall, we have done all the prep work, and we are now moving forward with the next part of the recipe. Remember that right now we are going to go into reading season, and we will be somewhat less accessible to the public so we can have decisions out by late March. We apologize for not being as available, but it takes a lot of people reading a lot of applications to get decisions out. If you want the soup to taste just right, you dont want to rush the cook! Next week, I will start talking a little more about our holistic read process, and what we look at within an application. For now, just wait while finish the cooking, and have yourself a nice bowl of chicken noodle soup. Go Dawgs!

What Does Poetry Mean You - 1616 Words

What does poetry mean to you?. We all have our own definition of poetry because its either we have experienced it or we are feeling the way that the writer was feeling when they wrote the poem. In this time trouble and hardship, Poetry was the only form of literature that captures moments that was very meaningful to the writer and reader who was not there to experience what had happen during the Holocaust. When we think of the Holocaust words can’t described how tremendously it had an impact on the entire world, so poetry was the only way writers could be able to shared and talked about their experienced with the rest of the world. Many of these people lived with the fear of hopelessness and misery. Through its personification, imagery and symbolism, W.H.Auden’s poem â€Å"Refugee Blues†, describes how hard someone’s life can be without freedom as a refugee living in their country. W.H. Auden poem â€Å"Refugee Blues† shows how a person of their own country was forced to become a refugee because of the power of others over them. The Jews because a refugee in their own country trying to seek help to get out of the harsh life that they’re now living all because of their freedom and power was stripped from them. With the formal element of imagery, the writer was able to create vivid images for his reader to understand gained knowledge of what l ife was like as a refugee. According stanza 1, â€Å"some are living in mansions, some are living in holes; yet there’s no place for us, my dear,Show MoreRelatedPlato and Sir Philip Sydneys Views on Poetry955 Words   |  4 Pagesand alike but Sidney is more relative. He makes it acceptable for poetry to experiment in different things instead of being so serious all the time. Comparing the two essays, Sidney is more realistic and practical about poetry and its meaning than Plato. Plato wants to create something that does not exist in the world-The Perfect Ideal State. There is nothing wrong with wanting to improve your living environment or the world that you live in, but everything will not go away by the snap of a fingerRead MorePoetry1312 Words   |  6 Pages(the evidence) that will let readers figure this out on their own. (Safety tip: if the fight was with someone you are currently living with, you might not want to leave the poem lying around the house. Just thought I d mention this). A ballad A ballad is a rhyming narrative poem written in a form that can be sung to music. Ballads most often use the rhyme scheme abcb. This means that in a group of four lines, the second line rhymes with the fourth one. The first and third line do not rhymeRead MorePoems: Poetry and Free Verse Poem774 Words   |  4 PagesPoetry Journal Project **Due Monday, February 4, 2013** You will create a poetry journal. It will contain 20 poems. Each poem will contain one of the items below. You may not use the same poem twice. You may not use any poem we have read in class. 1. Rhyme (any kind) 11. Free Verse Poem 2. Imagery 12. Narrative Poem 3. Simile 13. Lyric Poem 4. Metaphor 14. Consonance 5. Alliteration 15. Assonance 6. Personification 16. Refrain 7. HyperboleRead MoreTradition And The Individual Talent944 Words   |  4 PagesEliot believes tradition in a poetry sense varies through cultures, through time, and it is ever changing. In Eliot’s critical analysis â€Å"Tradition and the Individual Talent† tradition is something considered passed down but in a poetry sense, it is something that is not inherited, it is something that requires great ambition and focus to learn from past poets. A great poet must learn from predecessors of the difficult art before he or she takes to writing great poetry. According to Eliot writers mustRead MoreEzra Pound And Modernist Poetry780 Words   |  4 PagesModern Poetry,† Archibald Macleish’s â€Å"Ars Poetica,† and Marianne Moore’s â€Å"Poetry.† Each of these authors felt they had discovered superlative methods to write the most powerful poetry. However, the details and methods which each author used varied from one another. Born in 1885, Ezra pound is known as one of Modernist poetry’s biggest contributors. His poetry of the early 20th century was unconventional and controversial for its time. He studied endlessly to understand every facet of poetry and paveRead MoreAnalysis Of Maya Angelou s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings Essay1484 Words   |  6 Pagesuntold story inside you.† By Maya Angelou, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. This is the quote my mom has been telling me every day since I was 13 and able to understand it. Maya Angelou wrote this poem in 1969 and it still speaks to millions of people today. Millions of people who have everything to say but never speak. This is just one example, my example on how relatable poems are even if they are hundreds of years old. Being able to relate to a poem after such a huge time gap in what makes a poem timelessRead MoreThe Poem Caged Bird 1147 Words   |  5 Pages Lesson Construction Template ELA8_SB_U6_L7_LC Introduction and Objective If you were asked to formally discuss this excerpt from â€Å"Caged Bird,† what might you say about this poem? Does the poem follow conventions? Would it be considered a sonnet? Is there a rhyme scheme? Does it use a specific meter? Today, we’re going to look at discussing poetic conventions and examining how poems break conventions. Today s lesson objective is: âž ¢ Students will demonstrate command of theRead MoreSpeech Is The Effective Form Of A Culture972 Words   |  4 Pagesthe effective form of a culture. Poetry enhances the effectiveness of speech if it didn’t then why do communication teachers do things like have you look outside the window and write a poem about what you see in class? Poetry helps you step outside the box be more creative it allows you the chance to speak and so does spoken word which is another form of poetry that I will discuss later in the essay. Poetry was very relevant during times like ancient Greece .If you mention the names Homer, ShakespeareRead More Defining the Soul in Walt Whitmans Song of Myself Essay721 Words   |  3 Pagestends to either repeat or contradict. He even says of himself, I contradict myself (Lauter, p. 2793). This can make Whitmans poetry a little confusing to some. In his many stanzas, definition of the soul is ambiguous and somewhat contradictory. Whitman says, Clear and sweet is my soul....and clear and sweet is all that is not my soul (Lauter, p. 2745). What I believe Whitman is saying here is that his soul and everything else that is not his soul, including the souls of others, is clearRead MoreBilly Collins Introduction To Poetry Analysis751 Words   |  4 Pages What does it take to make a poem a poem worthwhile? Every now and then readers come across a poem, of course there’s certain things to help make that poem a good one. Some may say that Billy Collins poem â€Å"Introduction to Poetry† is a fantastic poem, while some may not like it at all. So, let’s find out why some think it’s a fantastic poem. While Collins brings meaning to the poem â€Å"introduction to Poetry† through the use of form, tone, rhythm, and irony. All poems have a way of being written

Serial Killers And The Serial Killer - 1566 Words

Although the prevalence of the serial killer is ultimately unknown, many researchers agree about â€Å"one-half of 1%† of homicides are determined to be the product of serial killers (Homant Kennedy, 2014). In order to prevent future victims, improve the ability of law enforcement to detect and apprehend, potentially incorporate treatment for current serial killers, and increase the ability to detect potential future serial killers it is important to identify characteristics that may cause one to become a serial killer. The question researchers have strived to answer is are serial killers born or are there explicit factors that contribute to someone ultimately becoming a serial killer? Researchers have potentially exposed several factors that potentially contribute to one becoming a serial killer. These conditions are notably greater in prevalence in known serial killers compared to the general population. These factors consist of family dynamics/parental characteristics , experienced child abuse (physical, sexual, and neglect), and psychological disorders. Serial Killers: Born or Created Dependent Variable A serial killer is an individual who has killed three or more people during separate incidents and at possibly different geographic locations where there is a cooling off period between each homicide (Homant Kennedy, 2014). Researchers have identified several typologies of serial killers, however most of the research has been done on the serial sexual sadistShow MoreRelatedSerial Killer : Serial Killers939 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is a serial killer? Serial killers are very sick and distraught compared to others. As indicated by the Vancouver Sun, a serial killer is characterized as somebody who is responsible for more than three killings over a period that than traverses over one month.In 2005 the fbi changed it to at least two killings with no reference to intention or time span. Generally, serial killers murder for some kind of mental benefit. Serial Killers can come in all shapes and sizes: don t be tricked byRead MoreSerial Killers And The Serial Killer1101 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The serial killer ‘is an entirely different criminal,’ †The term serial killer is misleading on the ground that each murder is intended to be the last.† We see them as a figure of â€Å"the dark side of human potential,† but they believe they’re â€Å"on a heroic quest for the biggest score possible† They believe they are â€Å"the archetypal figure of impurity, the representative of a world which needs cleansing.† However, society knows that serial killers are not heroes, and they’re not cleansing the worldRead MoreSerial Killer And Serial Killers Essay1171 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica has some of the most infamous serial killers who marked history, serial killers who once didn’t even think to harm any human being. Many people grow up differently from others, some people grow up in a safe environment surrounded with caring people and others grow up in a completely different environment being misse d treated by others, therefore are serial killers made or born? A serial killer is defined as â€Å"a person who commits more than three murders over a period that spans more thanRead MoreSerial Killer And Serial Killers1644 Words   |  7 PagesSerial Killer A serial killer is someone who has killed three or more people on separate occasions with enough time between, allowing them to calm down or reflect on what they did. There are separate categories for serial killers. The types of serial killers are organized killers, unorganized killers, and medical killers (Crime museum, 2015, para. 1, 2, 3). Beverley Allitt was considered to be under the medical killer category. Allitt killed a total of 4 children in less than a year span (McCrystalRead MoreSerial Killers And The Serial Killer2026 Words   |  9 Pagesneurological differences and biological disparities contribute to them becoming a serial killer, such as whether a person is a male or female. Also, people who suffer from neurological disabilities such as psychopathy are at more of a risk. People who live in the United States of America (USA) are statistically more likely to become a serial killer. There are many factors that can drive a person to become a serial killer and not ev eryone turns into one.. It takes a specific type of person to commitRead MoreSerial Killers : A Serial Killer1820 Words   |  8 Pagesunderstand a serial killers background to get an understanding of how childhood trauma could lead to their need to kill. Although there are no exact factors that would absolutely cause a child to grow up into a serial killer, research found by Laurence Miller in â€Å"Serial killers: II. Development, Dynamics, and Forensics,† suggest that there are several common factors found in multiple serial killers’ childhoods. For example, some of the leading childhood characteristics found among serial killers includeRead MoreSerial Killer : Serial Killers909 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to an FBI study, â€Å"there have been approximately 400 serial killers in the United States in the past century, with anywhere from 2,526 to 3,860 victims (Hickey). No one really understands serial killers. It is actually quite difficult to comprehend how t he mind of a serial killer works. Some believe that a serial killer feels strongly attracted by a specific physical characteristic in the victim. It could be his or her appearance: facial features, clothes, or even personality. On the otherRead MoreSerial Killers And The Serial Killer1080 Words   |  5 Pageshelp? This was the technique one of the most infamous serial killer Ted Bundy used to approach his victims and ultimately murder them. B. Background and Audience Relevance: Today, I will be speaking to you about serial killers. C. Speaker Credibility: I decided to do my topic on serial killers because, criminology is something I’m genuinely interested in and would like to learn more about it myself. D. Thesis: By learning about serial killers, hopefully in the future they can be captured fasterRead MoreSerial Killers : A Serial Killer Essay1003 Words   |  5 PagesCrimes and criminals define not only places, but certain time periods. Serial killers are usually the ones that individuals tend to remember the most. An individual is considered a serial killer when they murder three or more individuals during a period of time with a cooling off period between each crime (Frailing Harper, 2016). The purpose of this paper is to discuss one of the most controversial and yet famous serial killer, Theodore Robert Bundy. Something interesting that attracts the attentionRead MoreSerial Killers : The Serial Killer Essay2076 Words   |  9 PagesThis serial killer was chosen because this serial killing pair is the most infamous English serial killers duo in the 1990s. Fred and Rosemary West were not convicted of all the murders they participated in; however, they were sentenced to life im prisonment. Also, this case is interesting because Rosemary West, to this day, does not claim to know anything about the murders even though she has victims that survived her attacks and have spoken against her in court. These serial killers have been covered

Culture Views on Health Free Essays

Jessica Knott UOP HCA 230 04-19-2010 Cultural Views on Health Health can have different meanings to different people and in their cultures around the world. A person’s health is not any different when it comes to an individuals, nor does it matter what part of the world they are in but they still have the same thing in common physical, mental, social, and spiritual beings. A person’s health refers to how they feel and also how they relate to their environment and the people that share that environment with them. We will write a custom essay sample on Culture Views on Health or any similar topic only for you Order Now People’s lives and morals are a combination of the different areas is what makes them who they are, and this does not change because of the area where they are from. A person who is happy and has a healthy lifestyle has created a healthy balance of their physical, social, spiritual, and emotional part of their life. â€Å"There are different ways of looking at health. Every culture has a concept of health that is probably different to that of others† (Capdevila, 2006) A person’s upbringing or background can affect the medical treatment they receive. Some cultures believe in holistic medicine. Some cultures treat their people with such practices without seeking treatment from a clinic or facility. The ethnic, cultural, and personal belief of an individual can affects the ability to receive care. For example in China herbal and holistic medicines are use everyday to help treat patients. These remedies have been used for centuries and continue to be passed down from generation to generation. Now Asian Americans have faith and believe in plants and their healing properties. The new fad in American culture of wellness and feeling the harmony between the mind, body, and spirit has its roots also in the Chinese culture. American culture looks for healing in new modern techniques of medicine and in technology. Americans usually say that we treat the disease and not the patient because we don’t have a patient without the disease. A lot of people believe that the herbal approach is helpful, while others do not believe. Some people believe that it should not be relied on because different people have different ways of providing medical care when it comes to herbal medicines. But a lot of Americans still have a more modern views when it comes to health care, due to the fact that we have the best and latest medical technology. â€Å"The Asian American/Pacific Islander population in the U. S. is mostly foreign-born. Therefore, these families continue to hold on to traditional views of health and illness† (Cantore, 2008) Acupressure is usually what is used in the Asian culture. But it is also being used now in the United States because we have a mixture of cultures. People from all cultures are now using acupressure to help as a cure. It supposes to help with smoking addictions and relieve the pain of childbirth. â€Å"It can be used to stimulate sleep or digestion or to increase mental stability. †¦ Many doctors recommend meditation and yoga to relax patients undergoing modern procedures such as chemotherapy or surgery. † (Cantore, 2008) â€Å"Eastern practices are popular because health consumers are more informed and are taking more responsibility for and control of their health. In addition, these practices and remedies assist the body in maintaining health and aid the body in natural healing. (Cantore, 2008) Vietnamese culture which is still an Asian culture, believes in harmony, balance in their lives and with their health. There are many differences between the American and Vietnamese cultures, for example in America if you are overweight or obese it is not a good thing. But in the Vietnamese culture being overweight or obese is seen as a good sign of economic status and people actually envy yo u of this. There are implications to health care providers when it comes to both cultures. For example, in a culture where obesity is more acceptable, health care providers are challenged to provide care to more people. â€Å"Stopping the cycle of obesity before it becomes the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States is a priority for community health nurses. † (Durand E, Logan C, Carruth A, 2007) Every culture and society has their own beliefs and morals. Some believe in the herbal medicine, some believe that they are heal by faith, and some use technology for the answer. But I believe that the important side of that is that we must respect what a person believes is right. As long as the patient is not going to cause themselves any harm by holding onto cultural practices, is allowed to follow their traditional beliefs. Some of the medical practices that come from other regions and cultures are now being more accepted into the modern world, so we should be open to many different options when it comes to our health and treatment plans. References Capdevila, G (2006, May 25) BOLIVIA: Wanted – Healthcare Adapted To Indigenous Cultures. Retrieved on April 11, 2009 from http://ipsnews. net/news. asp? idnews=33372 Cantore, J (2008) Modern Nursing, Traditional Beliefs. Minority nurses can play a crucial role in helping Asian patients bridge the gap between East and West, old and new. Retrieved on April 10, 2009 from http://www. minoritynurse. com Durand E, Logan C, Carruth A. (2007). Association of maternal obesity and childhood obesity: implications for healthcare providers . Journal of Community Health Nursing. 24 (3): 167-76 (journal article – review, tables/charts). Retrieved on April 11, 2009 from EBSCOhost database. How to cite Culture Views on Health, Papers

Australian Immigration Law Measuring Immigration Policies

Question: 1. 750 Words James Morris is a 28-year-old citizen of the United Kingdom living in Australia. On 20 January 2015 he lodged a valid application for a Partner (Temporary) (Class UK) subclass 820 visa while holding a Student (Temporary) (Class TU) Subclass 573 visa. The subclass 573 visa was James first student visa, was applied for on 15 January 2012 and was valid until 15 March 2016. The subclass 820 Partner visa was granted on 20 March 2016 on the basis of his de facto relationship with Susan Peak, an Australian citizen. James has called you to say that the relationship with Susan has broken down and Susan has informed the Department of Immigration and Border Protection (DIBP) of the change of circumstances. James has now received a letter from DIBP asking for him to comment on the information and advising him that his application for the Partner (Residence) (Class BS) subclass 801 visa may be refused. James has also told you that he has been working as a geotechnical engineer in Melbourne since having completed his four year degree from the University of Melbourne on 15 November 2015. He thinks that the employer might be happy to sponsor him. The company has informed James that they hold a valid Standard Business Sponsorship. Answer the following questions: As James has studied full time for 4 years in Australia, can he lodge a valid application for a Skilled (Provisional) (Class VC) Subclass 485 visa? Will he meet the criteria for the grant of the subclass 485 visa? Explain your answers. (300 words, 6 marks) Can James lodge a valid application for a Temporary Business Entry (Class UC) subclass 457 visa? If so, outline what criteria he will need to satisfy for the visa to be granted. (300 words, 6 marks) If the DIBP refuses James application for the Partner (Residence) (Class BS) subclass 801 visa before lodging an application for another visa, what will be James visa status in Australia? (150 words, 3 marks) 2 . 750 Words Melissa Jones is a citizen of the USA and is in Australia on a Student (Class TU) Subclass 573 visa. Melissa is 22 years old and in July 2016 will complete the third year of a 4 year Bachelor degree at the University of Sydney. She is due to complete her studies in July 2017. Melissa completed High School in California, USA in July 2012 and then took 12 months off to travel and work in Europe before starting her studies in Australia and moving in to live with her mother and step-father in Sydney. Melissas mother has just been granted a Partner (Residence) (Class BS) Subclass 801 visa in Australia as she has been married to an Australian citizen for 3 years. Melissa was listed as a non-migrating dependent on the subclass 801 visa application when it was lodged in January 2015. Melissas father is deceased and she has an older sister still residing in the USA. Melissa previously was not interested in residing in Australia but she has since changed her mind and would like to know her options for remaining permanently in Australia with sponsorship from her mother. She would like to know if there are any issues with her proving she is dependent on her mother and what documentation is required to prove this dependency. Write a letter of advice to Melissa explaining: the requirements to lodge a valid and successful application for a permanent visa in Australia based on sponsorship from her mother; any issues with her dependency on her mother; and what documents are required to prove dependency. 3 : 750 Words Brians employer used their own Migration Agent to lodge an SBS nomination and 457 visa application for Brian on 24 June 2016. Brian comes in for an interview and you write up the following file note after the interview. Meeting with Brian Park, 5.30pm Friday 24 June 2016 Now that the 457 visa application is validly lodged, his employer has told him that he has to work every weekend so he is not happy about this and is thinking of quitting. He and his partner, Ellie Jones, have moved in together now and opened a joint bank account last week. They have also now registered their de facto relationship. Brian has decided to lodge a partner visa application and withdraw his application for a subclass 457 visa. However, he is concerned that Ellie sponsored another spouse 3 years ago on a partner visa relationship lasted about 2 years and that person left soon after getting his PR. Ellie thinks that her sponsored partner used her to get his permanent visa. Her friends all told Ellie that he was no good. Ellie was divorced in September 2015 but the whole experience has left her with depression and she has been unable to work for the last few months. She is receiving counselling and seeing a psychiatrist. Even before they moved in together Brian had been supporting her financially and now they are living on his wage. Seems that Ellie has become very dependent on him. He will not have the money to lodge the partner visa until Tuesday 28 June as the money is being wired over from his father. The CEO of your agency has directed that you lodge a partner application online as soon as the money is in your client account. Given that Brian by then will hold a BVA and Ellie has previously been a sponsor, the CEO wants you to prepare a submission to the DIBP addressing these two issues. Your submission should explain: why Brians BVA and Ellies previous sponsorship are obstacles to them being granted a Partner visa; and how your client can overcome those obstacles? Answer: 1(a) Students use the temporary graduate visa (sub class 485) internationally who have been graduated recently from any educational institution that is Australian. The visa helps those students to stay in the territory of Australia after the completion of their studies. There are several requirements that are to be followed for availing the said visa[1]. The requirements that are required to be followed in case of making the application for the Temporary Graduate Visa (subclass 485) are as follows: The applicant must be less than the age of fifty years. The applicant is in Australia. The applicant holds a visa, which is eligible. The applicant meets the condition of the requirements of studying in the territory of Australia. The applicant must meet the requirement of knowing the English language. The applicant must have been graduated with an eligible qualification or with such skills and qualifications that relates to an occupation that is provided in the list of skilled occupation[2]. Hence, from the above discussion it can be said that the Temporary Graduate visa allows its applicant to work, live and study in the Australian territory after finishing studies. The students are capable of making the application for accessing the temporary visa only once and that too as an applicant who is primary. The Temporary Graduate visa comprises of two streams or in simple words the visa is granted two times, that is during the graduation program and the post-study program[3]. In the scenario that is provided, James fulfills the entire requirements that are needed to be fulfilled for making the application for temporary visa. Hence, it can be said that James can apply for the said visa. 1 (b) The Temporary Work (skilled) visa (subclass 457) is that visa that permits any skilled worker to travel to Australia to start working in that occupation that is nominated for the approval of their sponsor for a maximum period of four years. There are several requirements that are to be followed to make the application for this visa[4]. The requirements that are to be followed for making the application of this visa are as follows: The application must be sponsored by any business that is sponsored. The applicant must have the skills that are required for filling the position that is nominated by the business that is approved. The Temporary Work visa makes the allowance of the skilled workers to visit the territory of Australia for working in any business that is approved for a period of four years. The primary requisite for making the application of this visa is to be sponsored by any business that is approved[5]. Any business can make the sponsor of someone for the said visa only in the event, when they could not find any citizen of Australia or any of its residents who are permanent to do such skilled work. Any applicant can make the application while staying inside or outside the territory of Australia[6]. In the case that is provided, it can be depicted that the relationship with his sponsor that is Susan has subject to a break down. In the present time, there is no business where James is getting the sponsorship for working there. Hence, it can be said that James cannot apply the Temporary Work visa. James could make the application for the Temporary Work visa once he gets a sponsor again who would nominate him for any position of his business. Until then he has to be under the Temporary Graduate Visa (subclass 485) visa. 1(c) If the DIPB refuses the application of James for the Partner (Residence) (Class BS) subclass 801 visa, before lodging an application for another visa, then James visa status shall become inoperative in Australia[7]. His stay in Australia shall become illegal hence; James will have to apply for another visa the moment his partner visa is rejected. James may get the decision reviewed by the tribunal of the Administrative Appeals for re consideration of his visa application. If the Administrative Appeals reconsiders the matter and requests the applicant to re apply for the visa then the chances of visa approval for the second time is really high. 2: Dear Melissa, I have received your issue about application of visa and I have reviewed your case in the light of Australian Immigration Law. From the facts that you have provided me with, I know that presently you are studying in Australia with visa subclass 573. You shall be completing your degree of bachelor in the year 2017 and now I have received your concern that you want to stay in Australia with permanent visa. I know that your mother has been given a partner visa under subclass 801 as she was married to an Australian citizen for the past three years. Therefore, I shall advise you to apply for permanent visa that shall be dependent on the sponsorship of your mother. In this letter, I shall explain to you the requirements needed to file a permanent visa that shall be dependent on sponsorship of your mother. If a child applied for child visa subclass 802 then the child shall be able to stay in Australia for an imprecise period. Parents can also apply for their child, if the child is less than 18 years. However, parents can apply for their child in behalf of their children who are less than 18 years. Parents who have the capability of applying visa in behalf of their children should an Australian citizen or a citizen of New Zealand. At the time of making the visa application, it is important that children continue their stay in Australia. Children who are born in Australia automatically obtain the citizenship of Australia or if the parents of those children whose parents are already citizen of Australia. Either people or children who want to stay in Australia for their entire lifetime shall have to apply for a permanent visa or they may apply for permanent citizenship of Australia[8]. If a less is not married or is not in an unmarried relationship, he shall have the capability of applying for permanent visa. Such children shall be less than 18 years of age. Children above the age of 18 years, in special circumstances, can also be regarded as child. A child can obtain sponsorship from a person who is a citizen of Australia or is a holder of permanent visa in Australia; such persons can sponsor people who want to continue their stay in Australia[9]. Children who are studying in Australia with student visa and their parents hold permanent visa, then the child may also continue his stay in Australia with permanent resident visa. However, for applying for permanent visa the child has to stay in Australia during the time when he has made the application[10]. In your given case scenario, your mother shall have to sponsor your stay in Australia and she will be the one who will be helping you in applying your permanent visa. If the child is more than 18 years of age studying in Australia with student visa then he or she should be between the ages of 18 to 25 years, and should be relying on his parents for economic support. Your mother has to submit the online form 40H and make the application for your sponsorship in the internet in the website of the department of Immigration. The following details should be included in the sponsorship form: Proof their relationship with the child Proof that they are the citizen of Australia or a citizen of New Zealand If the sponsor is sponsoring a relative who is orphan, then they should give evidence of their sponsor residing in Australia[11]. The issue that you may face here is related to the time span of your education, which is 12 months. In normal circumstances, the time taken for education should not be more than 6 months but in your case, you shall take one-year time for completion of your bachelor course. If we get this granted by the DIPB then your time period may get extended. The discretion lies in the hands of the DIPB to grant your stay in Australia by increasing the time span of your education. To prove that you are dependent on your mother for financial or monetary support, you may be required to submit additional documents in that regard. These documents shall be enough to prove dependency between you and your mom. Your mother has to complete the form and along with the application of child visa. The sponsor, that is your mother, have to fill in the form and propose it to the Department of Immigration and Border Protection. After the application is submitted to the respective Department, you have to wait for some time until the visa is approved. Conclusively, I hope that my advice regarding Child Visa under subclass 801 shall be helpful for you. In case you need any further help you may email me at migration.australia@immigration.com Yours sincerely, Migration Agent 3: Aaa Bbb Migration Department of Australia, 40, Sunnyside Avenue Australia- 400051 Date: 2 July 2016 To whom it may concern, Dear Sir, This is to bring to your kind attention that, Brian and Ellie are my clients for quite some time and both of them want to apply for partner visa as they have already registered their de facto relationship with the Department of Immigration, Australia. Initially, Brian lodged for visa application under 457 successfully; however, later he wanted to withdraw his application for subclass 457 visa[12]. Ellie, about three years ago, filed for partner visa when she was married to some other person who initially left her, the moment he received the PR. Ellie stated that her first husband used her for receiving permanent visa. In the month of September 2015, Ellie was divorced. Brian is a holder of BVA. BVA means bridging visa. As per the general rule of brigdging visa, a person is granted this visa when the applicant is physically present in Australia. A BVA shall allow him to stay in Australia until the partner visa is granted. A person to whom a BVA is granted and is an applicant of partner visa then he or she has no restrictions on working. This means that the person have full working rights when the BVA is granted to the applicant[13]. However, for Brian the current BVA may become a concern for him, as he may not be allowed to work because of cancellation of visa 457. Hence, Brian may have to seek an alternative to the BVA that is BE. The BVE allows people to stay in Australia until their current visa is approved. Therefore, Brian should be careful of the BVA that he is holding now as cancellation of visa under subclass 457 may lead to cancellation of his BVA. Hence, I shall advise Brian not to cancel his visa under subclass 457 and keep relying on it until partner visa is granted. Once he is granted with partner visa, he shall have the authority to stay in Australia and work without any hindrances. This may help in easy approval of the partner visa. For being granted a successful visa application, couples should be married or should be in a de facto relationship. In the case of my clients, they have already applied for de facto relationship. However, the issue here is that Ellie already has an existing partner visa even though her partner has left and is divorced. The Immigration law of Australia states that a person cannot apply for two types of visa at the same time. In case, there is a need that the person needs to apply for two kinds of visas at the same time he or she needs to cancel the first kind of visa and then apply for the second one. Additionally, there is also a requirement to prove that there is a minimum time gap of 5 years for applying a new partner visa. In the case of Ellie, this is not so however, the partner visa may be granted if she is able to prove that her situation is a compassionate or compelling one. Ellie is not working, being the sponsor of Brian she has to show that she has strong economic stay, how ever, this is not the case, Ellie herself is not working. Hence, Ellie needs to cancel her existing visa and apply for a fresh partner visa with Brian and show that she has a strong monetary position. Ellie may also have to submit her divorce application at the time of applying her visa as a proof to the Department that her previous visa does not exists. The moment the divorce application is submitted her previous partner visa may be cancelled. Sponsorship less than 5 years is not possible. As per Regulation 1.20J (1AA) (1) (a)(i), (b), (c), a sponsorship of less than 5 years may be accepted but in compelling or compassionate circumstances. Cases have to judged and determined whether there is existence of enough reason to declare a given situation as compelling or compassionate. Compelling or compassionate circumstances includes death of the partner, abandoning of a partner, dependency of the child on parents or a new relationship[14]. Such situations are regarded as compelling or compassionate in nature. The situations are not exhaustive. The DIPB has the authority to grant visa for the second time only when there is an existence of a compassionate or compelling situations. Likewise, the situation of Brian is very compelling and for such compelling or compassionate situation, he may be granted visa for the second time. The DIPB may use his discretion and it may grant visa if they think that the situation of Brian is very c ompassionate or compelling[15]. Conclusively, I would like to make a humble request to the DIPB for approving the visa to make their applicant expedient. I shall be awaiting a positive reply from your end. The relevant documents have been attached with this letter. Kindly review them and grant them a partner visa for allowing them to continue their stay in Australia. Reference List: Aas, Katja Franko.The borders of punishment: migration, citizenship, and social exclusion. Oxford University Press, 2013. Beine, Michel, et al. "Measuring immigration policies: preliminary evidence from IMPALA."CESifo Economic Studies61.3-4 (2015): 527-559. Dudley, Michael, et al. "Children and young people in immigration detention."Current Opinion in Psychiatry25.4 (2012): 285-292. Fitzgerald, Jennifer, David Leblang, and Jessica C. Teets. "Defying the law of gravity: The political economy of international migration."World Politics66.03 (2014): 406-445. Gest, Justin, et al. "Measuring and comparing immigration, asylum and naturalization policies across countries: Challenges and solutions."Global Policy5.3 (2014): 261-274. Hollifield, James, Philip Martin, and Pia Orrenius.Controlling immigration: A global perspective. Stanford University Press, 2014. Kofman, Eleonore. "Towards a gendered evaluation of (highly) skilled immigration policies in Europe."International Migration52.3 (2014): 116-128. Korostil, Igor A., et al. "Near elimination of genital warts in Australia predicted with extension of human papillomavirus vaccination to males."Sexually transmitted diseases40.11 (2013): 833-835. Koslowski, Rey. "Selective migration policy models and changing realities of implementation."International Migration52.3 (2014): 26-39. Law, Siew Fang, and Cynthia Mackenzie. "Aussie, Aussie, Aussie, Oi, Oi, Oi: Situating and Understanding Social Identities in Australia."Understanding Peace and Conflict Through Social Identity Theory. Springer International Publishing, 2016. 349-366. Martinez, Omar, et al. "Evaluating the impact of immigration policies on health status among undocumented immigrants: a systematic review."Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health17.3 (2015): 947-970. Nethery, Amy, Brynna Rafferty-Brown, and Savitri Taylor. "Exporting detention: Australia-funded immigration detention in Indonesia."Journal of Refugee Studies26.1 (2013): 88-109. Newman, Louise, Nicholas Proctor, and Michael Dudley. "Seeking asylum in Australia: immigration detention, human rights and mental health care."Australasian Psychiatry21.4 (2013): 315-320. Newman, Louise. "Seeking asylumtrauma, mental health, and human rights: An Australian perspective."Journal of Trauma Dissociation14.2 (2013): 213-223. Powell, Rebecca, Leanne Weber, and Sharon Pickering. "Counting and accounting for deaths in Australian immigration custody."Homicide studies17.4 (2013): 391-417. Rowe, Francisco, Jonathan Corcoran, and Alessandra Faggian. "Mobility patterns of overseas human capital in Australia: the role of a newgraduate visa scheme and rural development policy."Australian Geographer44.2 (2013): 177-195. Sanggaran, John-Paul, Bridget Haire, and Deborah Zion. "The health care consequences of Australian immigration policies."PLoS Med13.2 (2016): e1001960. Volpp, Leti. "Imaginings of space in immigration law."Law, Culture and the Humanities(2012): 1743872111435963. [1] Hollifield, James, Philip Martin, and Pia Orrenius.Controlling immigration: A global perspective. Stanford University Press, 2014. [2] Powell, Rebecca, Leanne Weber, and Sharon Pickering. "Counting and accounting for deaths in Australian immigration custody."Homicide studies17.4 (2013): 391-417 [3] Nethery, Amy, Brynna Rafferty-Brown, and Savitri Taylor. "Exporting detention: Australia-funded immigration detention in Indonesia."Journal of Refugee Studies26.1 (2013): 88-109. [4] Newman, Louise, Nicholas Proctor, and Michael Dudley. "Seeking asylum in Australia: immigration detention, human rights and mental health care."Australasian Psychiatry21.4 (2013): 315-320. [5] Martinez, Omar, et al. "Evaluating the impact of immigration policies on health status among undocumented immigrants: a systematic review."Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health17.3 (2015): 947-970. [6] Korostil, Igor A., et al. "Near elimination of genital warts in Australia predicted with extension of human papillomavirus vaccination to males."Sexually transmitted diseases40.11 (2013): 833-835. [7] Volpp, Leti. "Imaginings of space in immigration law."Law, Culture and the Humanities(2012): 1743872111435963. [8] Sanggaran, John-Paul, Bridget Haire, and Deborah Zion. "The health care consequences of Australian immigration policies."PLoS Med13.2 (2016): e1001960 [9] Fitzgerald, Jennifer, David Leblang, and Jessica C. Teets. "Defying the law of gravity: The political economy of international migration."World Politics66.03 (2014): 406-445. [10] Law, Siew Fang, and Cynthia Mackenzie. "Aussie, Aussie, Aussie, Oi, Oi, Oi: Situating and Understanding Social Identities in Australia."Understanding Peace and Conflict Through Social Identity Theory. Springer International Publishing, 2016. 349-366. [11] Newman, Louise. "Seeking asylumtrauma, mental health, and human rights: An Australian perspective."Journal of Trauma Dissociation14.2 (2013): 213-223. [12] Kofman, Eleonore. "Towards a gendered evaluation of (highly) skilled immigration policies in Europe."International Migration52.3 (2014): 116-128. [13] Aas, Katja Franko.The borders of punishment: migration, citizenship, and social exclusion. Oxford University Press, 2013 [14] Beine, Michel, et al. "Measuring immigration policies: preliminary evidence from IMPALA."CESifo Economic Studies61.3-4 (2015): 527-559. [15] Gest, Justin, et al. "Measuring and comparing immigration, asylum and naturalization policies across countries: Challenges and solutions."Global Policy5.3 (2014): 261-274.